Abdominal Trauma in Children: 10-Year Experience in a Teaching Hospital in Enugu, Nigeria
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, December 2019
Pages:
10-14
Received:
16 November 2019
Accepted:
2 December 2019
Published:
7 December 2019
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijcd.20190202.11
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Abstract: Background: Abdominal traumas are injuries to the abdomen resulting from transfer of energy from the exterior to the abdomen. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries. Methodology: Children who presented with abdominal trauma at Enugu State University Teaching Hospital between January 2007 and December 2016 were evaluated. Diagnosis of abdominal trauma was made based on clinical assessment and imaging investigation. Results: Over the ten year period, there were 42 cases of abdominal trauma with male to female ratio of 3.7:1 and mean age of 9.1 years (4-14). Fall from height, accounting for 42.9% of the cases, was the most common cause of abdominal trauma. This is followed by road traffic accident (35.7%), bicycle handle injury 14.3%, gunshot injury 7.1%. Abdominal ultrasound was the most common imaging modality. The spleen was the most injured organ, followed by liver, kidney, and intestine in descending order. Non-operative treatment was successful in 85.3% of the patients while 14.7% had surgery. The mean duration of hospital stay was 9.8 days (1-14) and the mortality was 7.1%. Conclusion: Abdominal trauma affects children of all age groups. In the current study, fall from height was the most common mechanism of injury and the spleen was the most injured organ. Non–operative treatment was the predominant modality of treatment.
Abstract: Background: Abdominal traumas are injuries to the abdomen resulting from transfer of energy from the exterior to the abdomen. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries. Methodology: Children who presented with abdominal trauma at Enugu State University Teaching Hospital between January 2007 and Dec...
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A 19 Month Old Male Child with Xeroderma Pigmentosum-A Case Report
Md. Shohidul Islam Khan,
Shamima Jahan,
Sompa Rani Paul,
Mohammad Morshad Alam,
Muhammad Ismail Hasan,
Dhiman Chowdhury,
Kamrunnaher Shultana,
Farhana Zerin Khan,
Md. Mozammel Haque
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, December 2019
Pages:
15-18
Received:
19 November 2019
Accepted:
6 December 2019
Published:
11 December 2019
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijcd.20190202.12
Downloads:
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Abstract: Background: Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive genodermatosis characterized by pigmentary abnormalities, solar skin damage and cutaneous malignancies on sun exposed area of skin and eyes. XP occurs in subjects with molecular defects in the genes involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER) of ultraviolet-induced DNA lesions leading to premature skin and ocular ageing consequent upon cellular apoptosis and other UV-induced degenerative changes. If sufficient DNA damage occurs, there will be cellular transformation and the development of malignancies. Both genetic, as well as environmental factor, play an important role in XP. XP has a >1000-fold increased risk of a cutaneous basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma or malignant melanoma. Case history: In this case report, we mentioned about a 19 month old boy who was diagnosed clinically as a case of Xeroderma Pigmentosum and presented with pigmentary skin changes (generalized hypo and hyper pigmented macule), eye problems, developmental delay, acute respiratory infection and failure to thrive. A multidisciplinary team involving the Pediatrician, Dermatologist and Ophthalmologist evaluated, diagnosed and treated the patient. In this case, XP was diagnosed clinically due to lack of all investigation facilities. This genetic premalignant condition is rarely diagnosed at the district level hospitals in Bangladesh. We report this case to upgrade the knowledge of pediatricians working in the rural areas (primary and secondary level health care facilities) regarding the diagnosis, counseling, treatment modalities and appropriate referral for Xeroderma Pigmentosum. Recommended management should be focused on educating the patient and the parents about effective sun protection and early recognition of cancers. Genetic counseling should be offered for families at risk
Abstract: Background: Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive genodermatosis characterized by pigmentary abnormalities, solar skin damage and cutaneous malignancies on sun exposed area of skin and eyes. XP occurs in subjects with molecular defects in the genes involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER) of ultraviolet-induced DNA lesions le...
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